{"id":12871,"date":"2017-07-21T07:00:30","date_gmt":"2017-07-20T21:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/realestatetalk.com.au\/?p=12871"},"modified":"2017-07-21T07:00:30","modified_gmt":"2017-07-20T21:00:30","slug":"4-property-investment-scams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/channels.realty.com.au\/realtytalk\/4-property-investment-scams\/","title":{"rendered":"4 property investment scams"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Property investing has its dark side and, though largely legal, there are some clever schemes a handful of unscrupulous property \u2018gurus\u2019 continue to run in a desperate attempt to rip you off<\/b><br \/>\nYawn. Easily the most boring way to start an article like this would be to remind investors that something that looks too good to be true probably is, but we\u2019re guessing you already know that.<br \/>\nUnless you share the intellect of a <i>Big Brother<\/i> contest, we bet you\u2019re unlikely to be fooled by the obvious ploys out there. This would include your standard \u201cyou\u2019ve miraculously won the lottery of some far-off, unpronounceable country\u201d hoax to emails explaining how your bank details have been compromised \u2013 only you\u2019re not part of that bank.<br \/>\nFar harder to detect are methods that spruikers use to legally cheat you out of money. And unfortunately property has its fair share of them. The trick they employ is not to use overtly deceitful schemes, but to hit you with the small print. They know the ins and outs of the industry well and are counting on the fact that you don\u2019t.<br \/>\nWhat follows are four vehicles overly ambitious marketers have been known to push in the past \u2013 property investment opportunities that can make you money if you are extremely lucky, but are most likely to be of the type that deserve caution. Buyer beware.<br \/>\nRip offs<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li>RENT-TO-OWN SCAMS<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>The concept<\/b>: As the name suggests, renters are given the option to rent out a property, which they can at some point buy. The deal is orchestrated by a \u201cwrapper\u201d \u2013 a middleman between a seller and a buyer.<br \/>\n<b>Legality:<\/b> In most states rent to own deals are legal and not all are set up to be exploitive. The problem is that the idea tends to attract con artists.<br \/>\n<b>Targets<\/b>: Sellers facing difficulties getting their properties off the market and wannabe buyers who are struggling to get loans.<br \/>\n<b>Figures involved:<\/b> Victims can lose anything up to $150,000.<br \/>\n<b>How it works:\u00a0<\/b>Wrappers typically source properties for these deals by trolling property listings and noting which aren\u2019t selling. They approach these people with a new idea of how they can sell their home, offering to buy the property for the full asking price.<br \/>\nThe catch is that they will only purchase under an option agreement, where the wrapper purchases an option (but not the obligation) to buy the property for a fixed amount at a certain date in the future, maybe within two or three years. The wrapper also gets the right to sublease the property to a rent-to-buy tenant.<br \/>\nAs bait, the seller is offered above market rent for the term of the option, with all rates, water charges and insurance costs taken care of.<br \/>\nOnce the wrapper has a property under an option agreement, he will typically start looking for a buyer \u2013 someone who is unable to borrow money from a bank or normal lending institution, but is desperate to own their own home.<br \/>\nThey propose a solution to the wannabe buyer\u2019s problem \u2013 rent to own. The buyer is told that he can purchase the property by paying an inflated price further down the line, when property prices will have apparently doubled anyway, and rent the property in the meantime.<br \/>\nThe rental figure will be well above the market, but the buyer is told that half of it will go into a savings account to show a history of savings and the other half will be deducted from the purchase price when they eventually settle. The buyer is also told to pay all outgoings on the property.<br \/>\n<b>The problem:\u00a0(For the seller): <\/b>For the existing owner of the property, a reasonable option fee for such a scenario would be if the wrapper forwarded a down payment of at least 10% of the purchase price. Playing fair, the longer the term of the agreed option, the bigger this option fee should be.<br \/>\nThe option fee is designed to be the fee forfeited if the wrapper decides to pull out of the deal. If the wrapper goes ahead with the deal, the option fee will generally be deducted from the purchase price whenever the property is settled.<br \/>\nProperty consumer researcher Steve Butcher warns that this is where things get ugly. \u201cThere are many tricks that a dodgy wrapper will play throughout the process,\u201d he says. \u201cI have seen examples where they only paid the sum of $1 for an option fee. He has turned up at the seller\u2019s house armed with all their paperwork which he has rushed the seller into signing.<br \/>\n\u201cBecause the seller generally has little knowledge of how these deals really work, he signs the paperwork that is put in front of him, based purely on trust. The seller doesn\u2019t understand what it means, but he trusts the wrapper.\u201d<br \/>\n<b>The problem (For the buyer): <\/b>Meanwhile, the buyer who has been promised rent-to-buy also has little clue about whether this is a good deal for them. Their focus is on buying their own home and the wrappers are great at selling the positives of the deal while leaving out what can go wrong.<br \/>\nThey fail to realise that all the costs of the deal between the wrapper and seller have been transferred to them. They\u2019ll also have no idea that a deal exists between the seller and wrapper. \u201cThe wrapper will often simply refer to the seller as his silent business partner and the buyer is told they can only deal with the wrapper,\u201d says Butcher.<br \/>\nButcher says that the reason for this is simple. \u201cIt is only when the buyer and seller get together that they start figuring out how they are both being taken advantage of.\u201d<br \/>\n<b>What goes wrong: (For\u00a0the seller):<\/b> Because the agreement between the seller and wrapper is for an option fee of only $1, a lot of the wrapper\u2019s risk is removed from the deal. If the wrapper runs into problems with the buyer later, he only has to pay the seller $1 to get out of the deal.<br \/>\nAlthough it is legal, it leaves the seller back at where he started, not out of pocket, but annoyed because he has wasted his time.<br \/>\n<b>What goes wrong (For the buyer):<\/b> He pays double the rent and outgoings on the property for, say, three years, but has no control over the property he is purchasing. Any money paid to the wrapper can potentially disappear if he defaults on even one payment or if he can\u2019t secure finance on the deal.<br \/>\nOf course, because the buyer has also agreed to pay a purchase price that is already inflated, many buyers discover that two or three years on, the property is worth only marginally more than it was when they started the deal. Sometimes it is worth less.<br \/>\nThat\u2019s when they discover they have a problem. The bank won\u2019t lend them money because the property is over-priced. (The bank knows that in a fire sale situation they would not recover the money they have lent.)<br \/>\nBy the time the buyer realises he can\u2019t get finance, the wrapper\u2019s option agreement is about to run out and so the whole deal falls through. The wrapper retains all of the payments the buyer made (minus the rent he has paid to the seller). In the end, the buyer is evicted and left with nothing.<br \/>\nSpeculator traps<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><b>ONSELLING HOUSE AND LAND PACKAGES\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>The concept:<\/b> House and land packages are bought, not as an investment to hold, but with the intention of on-selling or trading the asset at completion date.<br \/>\n<b>Legality:<\/b> This nothing other than a bad idea.<br \/>\n<b>Figures involved:<\/b> Depends on the price at settlement, but the Australian average for the purchase of these packages stands close to $450,000, which the investor can easily lose a sizeable portion of.<br \/>\n<b>How it works:\u00a0<\/b>Easy there, cowboy. There\u2019s nothing wrong with buying a house and land package. What is dangerous is buying it under the belief that values will have increased so much by the time it is completed that you\u2019ll be able to sell it for a handsome profit.<br \/>\nMetropole director Michael Yardney says it is quite easy to see why this is a bad idea. \u201cThere is no margin in house and land packages to allow for a trading profit. Price sensitive purchasers will go down the road and buy directly from the builder who can always sell properties cheaper than a middleman,\u201d he says.<br \/>\nYardney adds that even if you could sell, and for a higher price than all the other speculators who are doing the same in the same estate \u2013 after stamp duty and tax, you\u2019d lose out anyway.<br \/>\n\u201cDon\u2019t be fooled into thinking these are the areas that will outperform over the next few years either,\u201d Yardney says, pointing out that many of the areas where you\u2019ll find house and land packages are in outer suburbs that suffer the most when interest rates rise.<br \/>\n\u201cIn the outer suburbs, people\u2019s wages tend to go up [with inflation]. In the inner, more affluent suburbs, residents have greater disposable income that increases by substantially more than [inflation]. They often have businesses, shares, investments and they won\u2019t be as worried by rising interest rates.\u201d<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><b>TRADING OFF-THE-PLAN PROPERTIES\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>The concept:<\/b> The buyer sees blueprints or artist impressions of a property and buys it with the plan to sell before settlement, meaning he won\u2019t have to come up with the full purchase price and can potentially pocket the capital growth on the property over the time it takes to be constructed.<br \/>\n<b>Legality:<\/b> Obviously, this is completely legal.<br \/>\n<b>Targets:<\/b> Investors looking to make big money by taking short cuts.<br \/>\n<b>Figures involved:<\/b> Those who foolishly engage in this activity look to inherit properties that could be worth <i>less<\/i> &lt;keep italics&gt; at settlement than at purchase time, eroding any chances of a profit.<br \/>\n<b>How it works: <\/b>A lot of off-the-plan properties these days are marketed by sleek property marketing companies. They work for the developers, who pay their commissions.<br \/>\nThe developers gladly pay these fees to get as many of their properties sold as possible and quickly. They typically use very slick sales people who are not afraid to omit information that may be detrimental to a sale.<br \/>\nOne of the things these companies promote is that the buyer can commit to buy off-the-plan, but sell before settlement. This means they don\u2019t have to come up with the full purchase price. In the meantime, as they wait for the building work to be completed they benefit from the capital gains. This is all by using something as simple as a deposit bond.<br \/>\nButcher warns that it an option fraught with danger. \u201cThe risk is if too many buyers all have the same strategy,\u201d he says.<br \/>\nButcher says that as a high supply of once off-the-plan properties in a development come onto the market their scarcity value goes. Now a dime a dozen, property values sink and the properties are worth less than their purchase price. Suddenly the prospect of even selling at the cost of purchase is gone and the buyer has two choices: sell and cough up the difference in their purchase and selling prices or settle on the property.<br \/>\nIn the case of the latter, this may not be easy. \u201cMany buyers have been forced to settle even though they may not have the ability to borrow the funds,\u201d says Butcher.<br \/>\nTricky propositions<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><b>RENT GUARANTEES\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Concept:<\/b> To attract buyer interest, a seller or developer guarantees a certain rental return over a period of time.<br \/>\n<b>Legality:<\/b> 100%, but what few realise is that the guarantee is usually factored into the purchase price and that in most cases you\u2019d be better off without it.<br \/>\n<b>Targets:<\/b> Investors looking for security against vacancies.<br \/>\n<b>Figures involved:<\/b> Up to $60k of your money could needlessly end up in a seller or developer\u2019s pocket.<br \/>\n<b>How it works: <\/b>It&#8217;s become common for developers in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and elsewhere to attract investors by guaranteeing 6% or 7% returns for one, two or three years.<br \/>\nThe problem is that the guarantee comes at a cost. It is usually factored into the purchase price. Unknowingly, you pay the developer upfront for the rent he will repay you over the next few years.<br \/>\nHere\u2019s an all-too-typical scenario of how many investors run into trouble: A developer has 100 units and needs to sell them for $400,000. This isn\u2019t easy because the market is performing badly and their true value is more like $350,000.<br \/>\nThe rental market will pay only $350 a week, which means that, for the $400,000 price, the investor\u2019s return is 4.5%. Developers realise these numbers won\u2019t attract investors \u2013 at least not in a hurry \u2013 so they put in place a rental guarantee.<br \/>\nThey price the units at $400,000 with a rental guarantee of $450 a week for two years. This pushes the yield to 5.9% and suddenly investors are interested. To finance the guarantee, it costs the developer $100 a week to foot the difference between the guaranteed rent and what the market will actually pay. This totals $10,400 over two years, which would seem a lot except that, since the developer was paid $400,000 for a property worth only $350,000, he is still some $40k ahead.<br \/>\nThe headache comes after the two years are up. When the guarantee expires, the investor has to find tenants in the open market. Upon realising that the market will only pay $350 a week, the investor\u2019s returns fall from 5.9% to 4.5% in the blink of an eye.<br \/>\nIt gets worse. If the investor wants to sell, the value of his property will have fallen because the returns have fallen. When he enters the selling market he will have to compete with developers selling new units guaranteeing a 6% return. The investor has to match that if he hopes to sell.<br \/>\nFor more articles like this, visit <a href=\"http:\/\/www.yourinvestmentpropertymag.com.au\/\">www.yourinvestmentpropertymag.com.au<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Property investing has its dark side and, though largely legal, there are some clever schemes a handful of unscrupulous property \u2018gurus\u2019 continue to run in a desperate attempt to rip you off Yawn. Easily the most boring way to start an article like this would&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":176692471,"featured_media":12888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-story","category-your-investment-property"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>4 property investment scams - Realty Talk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/channels.realty.com.au\/realtytalk\/4-property-investment-scams\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4 property investment scams - Realty Talk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Property investing has its dark side and, though largely legal, there are some clever schemes a handful of unscrupulous property \u2018gurus\u2019 continue to run in a desperate attempt to rip you off Yawn. 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